Bassoon Audition Excerpts


Susan L. Nigro


{Susan L. Nigro, members of IDRS who attended the 1975 Annual Meeting at Evanston will recall, is the young bassoonist who assisted our host Wilbur Simpson in so many little ways (such as maps, annotated restaurant list and many personal assists). She is a graduate of Northwestern University School of Music where she studied with Mr. Simpson. Having performed the Hummel Concerto with the Chicago Civic Orchestra and {in 1974) the contra solo in a performance of Henk Badings' "Concerto for Bassoon, Contrabassoon, and Wind Orchestra" Susan is already a rising artist. At present her concentration is directed to the contrabassoon, with which instrument she "specialized" at Tanglewood Music Festival this summer.

As a special research project at Northwestern, Susan initiated a survey of North American and European orchestra bassoonists on the subject of Bassoon Audition Excerpts. This study, packed with many valuable insights into audition procedures, experiences and points of view, can be considered of "gold mine" importance to the many fine bassoonists who make the audition rounds each season looking for "experience", "a job", the long-planned career.

Although space limitations keep me from reproducing Susan's study in full, I have attempted to take from it the most instructive and meaningful points. There should be many who would like to assess the entire Study - perhaps the most outstanding aspect of which is the inclusion of each and every musical example cited (some of which are not to be found in any orchestral passage book). These excerpts alone, according to Susan, fill 6 3-ring notebook binders and contain 988 pages in length. Anyone wishing to obtain further access to more of this well-planned and important study should write to Ms. Susan L. Nigro, 2515 West 109th Place, Chicago, IL 60655, U.S.A.

Ms. Nigro was assisted valuably during this project by Professor Wilbur Simpson, bassoonist of the Chicago Symphony Orchestra.

The following is an edited transcription of the Study.)

The Bassoon Audition Excerpt Study contains:

  1. An Introduction and Explanation
  2. Copy of letter sent out to bassoonists
  3. Copy of Questionnaire sent out to bassoonists
  4. Returned Questionnaires from bassoonists
  5. List of Excerpts mentioned in Questionnaires
  6. Master Index of Excerpts.
  7. Excerpt Availability Chart.

1) Introduction and Explanation

The purpose of this independent study was twofold:

  1. 1. To compile a list of excerpts used on bassoon auditions in the United States, Canada, and Europe.
  2. 2. To collect the full orchestral parts to these excerpts, on the theory that excerpt books more often than not do not provide all the essential passages of a work--passages that may very well be asked at an audition.

To collect the information necessary for compiling the list of audition excerpts, a letter and questionnaire (which will be found in the following pages) was sent out to the first chair bassoonists in 52 orchestras. Of these, the following 19 responded:

UNITED STATES:

CANADA:

EUROPE:

It is on the responses of these 19 bassoonists that the results of this study are based.

Having compiled the list of some 84 excerpts, the parts to these works were secured and duplicated, and are collected in a 6-volume set.

2) Excerpt Questionnaire

  1. What materials were you required to play when you auditioned for your present position?
  2. What materials do you require others to play when they audition for positions in this orchestra?
  3. What materials have you been required to play when you have auditioned for positions in other orchestras?

THANK YOU!!!

3) List of excerpts mentioned in Questionnaire

  1. Bach, J. S. - Cantata 197 (Wedding): "Gott is unsere Zuversicht"
  2. Bach, J. S. - Suite I in C major
  3. Bartok - Concerto for Orchestra
  4. Beethoven - Lenora Overture No. 3 in C major, opus 72 A
  5. Beethoven - Symphony No. 2 in D major, op. 36
  6. Beethoven - Symphony No. 3 in E-flat major, op. 55 (Eroica)
  7. Beethoven - Symphony No. 4 in B-flat major, op. 60
  8. Beethoven - Symphony No. 5 in C minor, op. 67
  9. Beethoven - Symphony No. 6 in F major, op. 68 (Pastorale)
  10. Beethoven - Symphony No. 9 in D minor, op. 125 (Choral)
  11. Beethoven - Violin Concerto in D major, op. 61
  12. Berg - Wozzeck
  13. Berlioz - Fantastic Symphony, op. 14
  14. Bizet - Carmen
  15. Brahms - Symphony No. 1 in C minor, op. 68
  16. Brahms - Symphony No. 2 in D major, op. 73
  17. Brahms - Symphony No. 3 in F major, op. 90
  18. Brahms - Symphony No. 4 in E minor, op. 98
  19. Brahms - Variations on a Theme of Haydn, op. 56A ('Chorale St. Antoni')
  20. Brahms - Violin Concerto in D major, op. 77
  21. Britten - Young Person's Guide to the Orchestra
  22. Chopin - Pianoforte Concerto No. 1 in E minor, op. 11
  23. Debussy - Nocturnes
  24. De Falla - Three Cornered Hat - Ballet
  25. Dukas - L'Apprenti Sorcier (Sorcerer's Apprentice)
  26. Dvorak - Symphony No. 8 (pub. and called No. 4)
  27. Elgar - Enigma Variations on an Original Theme, op. 36
  28. Gliere - Ilya Mourometz - Symphony No. 3 in B minor, op. 42
  29. Haydn - Symphony No. 103(I) in E-flat major - Paukenwirbei ('Drum Roll')
  30. Honneger - Symphony No. 5 (Di Tre Re)
  31. Mahler - Song of the Earth (Das Lied von der Erde) - A Symphony
  32. Mahler - Symphony No. 9
  33. Mendelssohn - Midsummer Night's Dream, Scherzo, op. 61
  34. Mendelssohn - Symphony No. 4 in A minor, op. 90 ('Italian')
  35. Mozart, W.A. - Bassoon Concerto in B-flat major, K.V. 191
  36. Mozart, W.A. - Magic Flute - Overture
  37. Mozart, W.A. - Marriage of Figaro - Opera
  38. Mozart, W.A. - Marriage of Figaro - Overture, K.V. 492
  39. Mozart, W.A. - Pianoforte concerto No. 29 in D minor, K.V. 466
  40. Mozart, W.A. - Symphony No. 35 in D major (Haffner), K.V. 385
  41. Mozart, W.A. - Symphony No. 38 in D major (Prague), K.V. 504
  42. Mozart, W.A. - Symphony No. 40 in G minor, K.V. 550
  43. Mozart, W.A. - Symphony No. 41 in D major (Jupiter) K. V. 551
  44. Prokofiev - Peter and the Wolf - op. 67
  45. Prokofiev - Symphonie Classique, op. 25
  46. Rachmaninoff - Pianoforte Concerto No. 3 in D minor, op. 30
  47. Ravel - Bolero
  48. Ravel - Ma Mere L'oye (Mother Goose)
  49. Ravel - Pianoforte Concerto for the Left Hand
  50. Ravel - Piano Concerto in G
  51. Ravel - Rapsodie Espagnole (Spanish Rhapsody)
  52. Respighi - Trittico Botticelliano
  53. Rimsky-Korsakov - Scheherazade - Symphonic Poem op. 35
  54. Schoenberg - Chamber Symphony, op. 9 (1906)
  55. Schuman, Wm. - New England Triptych
  56. Schumann, R. - Symphony No. 1 in B-flat major, op. 38 (Spring)
  57. Shostakovich - Symphony No. 5, op. 47
  58. Shostakovich - Symphony No. 9, op. 70
  59. Sibelius - Symphony No. 2 in D major, opus 43 (1902)
  60. Smetana - Bartered Bride, Overture
  61. Strauss, R. - Also Sprach Zarathustra, op. 30
  62. Strauss, R. - Don Juan, op. 20
  63. Strauss, R. - Don Quixote, op. 35
  64. Strauss, R. - Elektra, op. 588
  65. Strauss, R. - Ein Heidenleben (A Hero's Life), op. 40
  66. Strauss, R. - Salome, op. 54
  67. Strauss, R. - Tell Eulenspiegel's Merry Pranks, op. 28
  68. Strauss, R. - Tod und Verklarung (Death and Transfiguration ), op. 24
  69. Stravinsky - Chant du Rossignol (Song of the Nightingale)
  70. Stravinsky - Fire Bird (L'Oiseau de Feu) - Ballet Suite
  71. Stravinsky - Histoire du Soldat - Suite
  72. Stravinsky - Petrouchka - Ballet
  73. Stravinsky - Pulcinella - Ballet Suite
  74. Stravinsky - Sacre du Printemps (Rite of Spring) - Ballet
  75. Taylor - Through the Looking-Glass, op. 12
  76. Tchaikovsky - 'Romeo and Juliet' Overture - Fantasy
  77. Tchaikovsky - Symphony No. 4 in F minor, op. 36
  78. Tchaikovsky - Symphony No. 5 in E minor, op. 64
  79. Tchaikovsky - Symphony No. 6 in B minor, op. 74
  80. Verdi - Messa di Requiem
  81. Wagner - Mastersingers of Nuremberg - Opera
  82. Wagner - Tannhauser Overture (Introduction to Act III)
  83. Weber - Andante and Hungarian Rondo, op. 35
  84. Weber - Bassoon Concerto in F major, op. 75

4) Excerpt Popularity List

A listing of the excerpts in order of their popularity; i.e., how often they were mentioned in the questionnaires (in cases of ties, the list is in alphabetical order within each category.)

22 - Beethoven - Symphony No. 4
20 - Stravinsky - Sacre du Printemps
18 - Mozart, W.A. - Bassoon Concerto
13 - Tchaikovsky - Symphony No. 4
12 - Ravel - Bolero
11 - Mozart, W.A. - Marriage of Figaro - Overture
11 - Rimsky-Korsakov - Scheherazade
11 - Tchaikovsky - Symphony No. 5
10 - Stravinsky - Fire Bird
10 - Tchaikovsky - Symphony No. 6
9 - Ravel - Piano Concerto in G
9 - Strauss, R. - Tell Eulenspiegel
8 - Ravel - Rapsodie Espagnole
7 - Beethoven - Symphony No. 9
6 - Beethoven - Symphony No. 5
5 - Beethoven - Lenora Overture No. 3
5 - Strauss, R. - Don Quixote
4 - Bartok - Concerto for Orchestra
4 - Brahms - Violin Concerto
4 - Ravel - Ma Mere L'oye
4 - Strauss, R. - Salome
3 - Berlioz - Fantastic Symphony
3 - Brahms - Symphony No. 4
3 - Haydn - Symphony No. 103
3 - Mahler - Song of the Earth
3 - Ravel - Pianoforte Concerto for the Left Hand
3 - Shostakovich - Symphony No. 9
3 - Strauss, R. - Don Juan
3 - Strauss, R. - Tod und Verklarung
3 - Stravinsky - Chant du Rossignol
3 - Stravinsky - Histoire du Soldat
3 - Stravinsky - Pulcinella
3 - Wagner - Tannhauser Overture

5) Excerpt Availability Chart

An index of 8 representative excerpt books, with respect to excerpts mentioned in the questionnaires.

Abbreviation key to the excerpt books:

AL - Wagner Orchestral Excerpts from Operas and Concert Works (International Music Company)
BO - Strauss Orchestral Excerpts from Symphonic Works (International Music Company)
GW - Orchestral Studies for all instruments (8 vols.) (Verlag Friedrich Hofmeister)
PI - Teaching of the Double Bassoon (Alphonse Leduc)
RI - Il Fagotto in Orchestra (Edizione a cura dell'Autore. . .)(Allegro Woodwind Supply, U.S.A. ed.)
SC - 20th Century Orchestra Studies (G. Schirmer, Inc.)
ST - Difficult Passages and 'Solos' (Ricordi)
WE - Orchestral Studies (2 vols.) (Edition Breitkopf)

Bach, J.S.-Cantata 197                       RI  ST
Bach, J.S.-Suite I                         
Bartok-Concerto for Orchestra                RI
Beethoven-Lenora Overture #3             GW  RI  STWE
Beethoven-Sym. #2                        GW  RI  STWE
Beethoven-Sym. #3                        GW  RI  STWE
Beethoven-Sym. #4                        GW  RI  STWE
Beethoven-Sym. #5                        GWPIRI  STWE
Beethoven-Sym. #6                        GW  RI  STWE
Beethoven-Sym. #9                        GWPIRI  STWE
Beethoven-Violin Conc.                       RI  ST
Berg-Wozzeck                                 RI
Berlioz-Fantastic Sym.                       RI
Bizet-Carmen                             GW  RI  ST
Brahms-Sym. #1                             PIRI    WE
Brahms-Sym. #2                               RI    WE
Brahms-Sym. #3                             PIRI  STWE
Brahms-Sym. #4                               RI  
Brahms-Variations                          PIRI  STWE
Brahms-Violin Concerto                     
Britten-Young Person's Guide                 RI
Chopin-Pianoforte Concerto                   RI
Debussy-Nocturnes                            RI
De Falla-Three Cornered Hat-Ballet         
Dukas-Sorcerer's Apprentice                PIRI
Dvorak-Sym. #8                             
Elgar-Enigma Variations                          
Gliere-Ilya Mourometz                          
Haydn-Sym. #103                              RI
Honneger-Sym. #5                           
Mahler-Song of the Earth                      
Mahler-Sym. #9                               RI
Mendelssohn-Midsummer Night's Dream          RI  ST
Mendelssohn-Sym. #4                      GW
Mozart, W.A.-Bassoon Conc.                       ST
Mozart, W.A.-Magic Flute                 GW  RI  STWE
Mozart, W.A.-Marr. of Figaro-Opera       GW  RI
Mozart, W.A.-Marr. of Figaro-Over.       GW  RI  STWE
Mozart, W.A.-Pianoforte concerto             RI  ST
Mozart, W.A.-Sym. #35                              WE
Mozart, W.A.-Sym. #38                    GW  RI  STWE
Mozart, W.A.-Sym. #40                        RI  STWE
Mozart, W.A.-Sym. #41                    GW  RI  STWE
Prokofiev-Peter and the Wolf                 RISC
Prokofiev-Symphonie Classique                  SC
Rachmaninoff-Pianoforte Conc.                
Ravel-Bolero                                 RI  ST
Ravel-Mother Goose                         PIRI
Ravel-Piano Conc. for Left hand            PIRI
Ravel-Piano Concerto in G                    RI
Ravel-Rapsodie Espagnole                     RI  ST
Respighi-Trittico Botticelliano              RI  ST
Rimsky-Korsakov-Scheherazade                 RI  ST
Schoenberg-Chamber Sym.                        SC
Schuman, Wm.-New England Triptych              SC
Schumann, R.-Sym. #1                         RI  STWE
Shostakovich-Sym. #5                           SC
Shostakovich-Sym. #9                         RISC
Sibelius-Sym. #2                             RI
Smetana-Bartered Bride                       RI
Strauss, R.-Also Sprach Zarathustra    BO  PIRI
Strauss, R.-Don Juan                   BO  PIRI
Strauss, R.-Don Quixote                BO    RI
Strauss, R.-Elektra                        PIRI
Strauss, R.-Ein Heidenleben            BO    RI
Strauss, R.-Salome                         PIRI
Strauss, R.-Tell Eulenspiegel          BO    RI
Strauss, R.-Death and Transfig.        BO  PIRI
Stravinsky-Song of the Nightingale           RI  ST
Stravinsky-Fire Bird                         RI  ST
Stravinsky-Histoire du Soldat              
Stravinsky-Petrouchka                      
Stravinsky-Pulcinella                        RI  ST
Stravinsky-Sacre du Printemps                RI  ST
Taylor-Through the Looking-Glass            
Tchaikovsky-Romeo and Juliet                 RI
Tchaikovsky-Sym. #4                          RI
Tchaikovsky-Sym. #5                          RI    WE
Tchaikovsky-Sym. #6                          RI
Verdi-Requiem                            GW  RI  ST
Wagner-Mastersingers-Opera               GW  RI  ST
Wagner-Tannhauser                        GW  RI  ST
Weber-Andante and Hungarian Rondo    AL
Weber-Bassoon Conc.                  AL  GW

6) Which of the excerpts were asked by each orchestra?

Baltimore:
3, 4, 7, 20, 22 (No. 1, 2nd mov't), 31, 35 (1st and 2nd mov'ts), 36, 38, 47, 48, 49, 50, 66 (for contra), 57, 70, 74.
Boston:
7, 8, 10, 30, 35, 47, 74.
Chicago:
7, 35, 47, 50, 53, 63, 65, 67, 70, 74, 51(for 2nd bsn.), for contra: 8, 16, 28, 48, 49.
Cincinnati:
7, 35, 38, 53, 74, 77, 78
Cleveland:
7, 9, 10, 35, 51, 74, 77, 78, 79; for contra: 8, 10, 66 (and tone poems).
London Phil:
(For an earlier position with the Royal Opera House Orchestra: A concerto of my choice; and Strauss, 'Der Rosenkavalier,' Act III, sight reading - 'a very little.' No audition given for LPO. 'Instead, the player is usually asked to perform with the orchestra a number of trial concerts. The more exalted the vacancy, the more does this rule apply.' (Neil Levesley, Principal)
London Symphony:
(Roger Birnstingl, Principal) 'For a principal position, one is usually invited to join an English orchestra, and therefore there is no audition, but instead a 'trial period'...'
Minnesota Orchestra:
1, 3, 4, 7, 13, 20, 37, 47, 50, 63, 70, 72, 74, 77, 78, 79.
Montreal Symphony:
7, 11, 17, 24, 47, 50, 61, 70, 74, 77, 78, 79.
National Arts Centre (Ottawa): (46-piece chamber orchestra)
2, 29, 34, 38, 50, 54, 71.
New Orleans Symphony:
7, 35, 42, 53, 74, 77.
New York Philharmonic:
7, 23, 35, 51, 69, 70, 74; for contra: 25, 28.
North Carolina Symphony:
7, 13, 18, 19, 26, 29, 33, 34, 38, 40, 41, 44, 59, 60, 62, 63, 67, 70, 71, 74, 76, 79.
Oregon Symphony:
15, 43, 50, 51, 52, 59, 53, 67; contra: 10, 48, 57, 75
Toronto Symphony:
7, 27, 35, 50, 67, 68, 74, 77.
Vienna Symphony:
4, 7, 8, 10, 47, 74; contra: 31, 64, 66.
Vancouver Symphony:
7, 47, 46, 53, 58, 70, 74, 78.
Vienna Philharmonic:
4, 7, 10, 14, 35, 38, 39 (3rd and 4th acts), 47, 74, 77, 78, 79, 81; contra: 12, 32, 64, 66.

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